Section 3 Suppression of Fire

301. Containment of fire

1. General

(1) Exterior boundaries of superstructures and deckhouses enclosing accommodation and including any overhanging decks which support such accommodation, are to be constructed of steel and insulated to "H-60" class for the whole of the portions which face the crude oil area and the production area and on the outward sides for a distance of 3 m from the end boundary facing the

crude oil area and production area. In cases where there is a minimum of 30 separation

from the crude oil areas and the production areas, however, "A-0" class deemed appropriate by the Society may be applied.

(2) Bulkheads between crude oil pump rooms and machinery spaces are to be Class A, and are to

have no penetrations which are less than Class A-0. However, bulkheads and decks between crude oil pump-rooms and machinery spaces of category A may be penetrated by crude oil pump shaft glands and similar glanded penetrations, provided that gas tight seals with efficient

lubrication or other means of ensuring the permanence of the gas seal are fitted in way of the bulkheads or deck.

(3) Windows

are not to be installed in bulkheads and decks between machinery spaces and crude

oil pump rooms.

(4) Skylights

to crude pump rooms are to be made of steel, but are not to be fitted with glass.

Such skylights are to be capable of being closed from outside pump rooms.

2. Methods of protection in accommodation and service spaces and control stations are to adopt only method IC as defined in Pt 8, Ch 3, 301. 3 (1) (A) of Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships.

3. Fire integrity of bulkheads and decks

(1) The minimum fire integrity of bulkheads and decks shall be as prescribed in Tables 8.1 and

8.2.

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to ⑫

below. The title of each category is intended to be typical rather than restrictive.

① Control stations

spaces as defined in Ch 1, 211. of Rules for the Classification of Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit (A station where the emergency power source is located is not considered.)

② Corridors

corridors and lobbies.

③ Accommodation spaces

Spaces used for public spaces, cabins, offices, hospitals, cinemas, games and hobby rooms and similar spaces, excluding corridors, lavatories and pantries containing no cooking appliances.

④ Stairways

Iinterior stairways, lifts and escalators (other than those wholly contained within the machinery spaces) and enclosures thereto. In this connection a stairway which is en- closed only at one level is to be regarded as part of the space from which it is not separated by a fire door.

⑤ Service spaces (low risk)

Lockers, store-rooms and working spaces in which flammable materials are not stor- ed, drying rooms and laundries.

⑥ Machinery spaces of category A

Spaces as defined in Pt 8, Ch 1, 103. 31 of Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships.

⑦ Other machinery spaces

All other machinery spaces than machinery spaces of Category A, containing propel- ling machinery, boilers, oil fuel units, steam and internal combustion engines, gen- erators and major electrical machinery, oil filling stations, refrigerating, stabilizing, ventilating and air-conditioning machinery and similar spaces, including trunks to such spaces.

⑧ Crude oil areas and production areas Areas as defined in Ch 1, 202.

⑨ Hazardous areas

Areas as defined in Ch 7, 102.

⑩ Service spaces (high risk)

Lockers, store-rooms and working spaces in which flammable materials are stored,

galleys, pantries containing cooking appliances, paint rooms and workshops other than those forming part of the machinery space.

⑪ Open decks

Open deck spaces and enclosed promenades having little or no fire risk. Air spaces (the space outside superstructures and deckhouses).

⑫ Sanitary and Similar Spaces

Communal sanitary facilities such as showers, bath, lavatories, etc., and isolated pan-

tries containing no cooking

with access only from that

which they are located.

appliances. Sanitary facilities which serve a space and space are to be considered a portion of the space in

Table 8.1 Fire integrity of bulkheads separating adjacent spaces

Table 8.2 Fire integrity of decks separating adjacent space

Note: To be applied to Tables 8.1 and 8.2 as appropriate.

(a) Where the space contains an emergency power source or components of an emer- gency power source adjoining a space containing a unit's service generator or the components of a ship's service generator, the boundary bulkhead or deck between those spaces is to be an "A-60" class division.

(b) Either of the divisions indicated above or below is to be provided in consideration

of Ch 10, 201. 9 (3) and (5) of Rules for the Classification of the Mobile Offshore Drilling Units.

(c) Where spaces are of the same numerical category and superscript (c) appears, a

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(d) Bulkheads separating the navigating bridge, chartroom and radio room from each other may be an "B-0" rating.

(e) If the results of a Risk Analysis or Fire Load Analysis (reviewed and accepted by

the Society) justify such, an "A-60" fire division may be used in lieu of an "H-60" bulkhead. An "A-0" wall used in conjunction with a water curtain system designed to provide a density of at least 6.1 ThĤm Ë ­min of exposed surface area may be used

as an equivalent means of meeting the "A-60" class division.

* Where an asterisk appears in the tables, the division is required to be of steel or other equivalent material but is not required to be of "A" class standard. However,

where a deck, except

pipes and vent ducts, of flame and smoke.

- Where "-" appears in divisions.

an open deck, is penetrated for the passage of electric cables,

such penetrations should be made tight to prevent the passage

the table, the division need not be of "A", "B" nor "C" class

X Where an "X" appears in the table, the configuration is not allowed.

302. Fire fighting systems

1. Water supply systems

(1) Piping

(A) Water fire fighting systems are to be capable of maintaining a continuous supply in the event of damage to water piping. Piping is to be arranged so that the supply of water could be from two different sources. Isolation valves are to be provided such that damage to any part of the system would result in the loss in use of the least possible number of hydrants, water spray branches, or foam water supplies.

(B) Materials readily rendered ineffective by heat shall not be used for fire mains and hydrants unless adequately protected.

(2) Fire pumps

(A) There are to be at least pumps are to be located pumps inoperable. One of

two independently driven and self-priming fire pumps. The such that a fire in any one location will not render both the two pumps is to be designated as the primary fire pump,

fire fire and

the other as the standby fire pump. At least one of the pumps is to be diesel engine driv-

en, unless the emergency power supply can supply the load for an electric motor driven pump.

(B) The primary and standby fire pumps are each to be capable of supplying the maximum

probable water demand for the protected space. The maximum probable water demand is the total water requirement for protection of the largest single fire area plus two jets of fire wa- ter at a pressure of at least 0.35 MPa. Multiple pump installations will be considered in lieu of a single primary and/or standby pump installation, provided they are arranged in such a

manner that a fire in one area would not reduce the

available supply of fire water required

to handle that fire, or such that if the largest pump is out of service for maintenance, the

available supply of water would not be reduced

below the maximum probable water

demand. A means is to be provided for periodic testing of each fire

(C) The maximum probable water demand includes the water supply to for a single fire on the production deck, the water supply to the

plus two jets of fire water.

pump.

the water spray system deck foam system and

(D) To determine the maximum probable water demand, the fire risk areas on the production deck may be divided into fire zones. If a fire is being considered in a single zone, the wa-

ter supply for the water spray system is to be sufficient for that zone and adjacent zones.

The water spray system requirement

may be ignored for adjacent zones if these zones are A-

separated by a firewall (no less than 60). The system emergency shutdown and the equip- a

ment blowdown may be considered

safe alternative to the water spray for low hydro-

carbon liquid inventory equipment such as the gas compressor units.

(E) Pumps for process water spray systems are to be provided with automatic starting. In addi- tion to the pump automatic starting requirement, pump driver starters are to be provided with means for local and remote operation from a permanently manned station or a fire control station. Pump discharge control valves, used to separate the section of the firewater service system and the fire pumps, are to be fitted in an easily accessible location outside of the pump space. Diesel-driven fire pumps may be provided with electrical or pneumatic starting and control systems.

(F) Pump drivers may include diesel engines, natural gas engines, or electric motors. The pump drivers are to be in general accordance with 5.2 (4) (a), (b) and (c) of API RP 14G, with

respect to their types and installation requirements. Where diesel and natural gas engine fire pumps are considered, the arrangements are to comply with requirements of Ch 11, 403. 4.

For electrical motor-driven fire pumps, the arrangements are to comply with requirements of

Ch 10, 103.

(G) Fuel systems are to comply with the requirements of Ch 11, 402. 5. Fuel supply for diesel engines is to be sufficient for 18 hours operation.

(3) Fire water station

(A) Fire-water stations are to be located so that each station will be readily accessible in the event of a fire. All materials that comprise the fire water station and the access to fire wa-

ter stations are to be of steel or equivalent material. Firewater stations are to be located on

the perimeter of process areas. The stations and their arrangements are to provide at least two jets of water not emanating from the same fire station to reach any part of the pro-

duction facility that may be exposed to fire.

(B) Fire monitors are to be sized for a minimum flow of 1,892 ThĤmin at 0.72 MPa. Nozzles are to be of at least 12 mm. fire monitors and nozzles are to be of corrosion-resistant materials or be protected with a suitable coating to protect the equipment from the offshore environment. All nozzles are to incorporate means for a shut-off and be of dual-purpose type(i.e., spray/jet).

(C) Fire hoses located on the production deck are to be of a non-collapsible type mounted on reels, and are to be certified by a recognized testing laboratory as being constructed of non- perishable material to recognized standards. The hoses are to be of material resistant to oil and chemical deterioration, mildew and rot, and exposure to the offshore environment. Hoses are to be sufficient in length to project a jet of water to any location in the areas where they may be required to be used. Each hose is to be provided with a nozzle and the necessary couplings. The maximum length of hose reels used on the production deck may be as long as 30 m . All indoor fire stations are to be provided with collapsible hoses and the

maximum length of collapsible hoses is not to exceed 23 m .

(4) Water deluge system for process equipment

(A) A fixed water spray system is to be installed for the process equipment to keep the process

equipment cool and reduce the risk of escalation of a fire. Water spray systems

are to be

capable of being actuated both automatically by a fire detection system and manually.

Installations are generally to be in accordance with NFPA Standard 15, or other

equivalent

standard such as API RP 2030. Deluge isolation valves are to be located in a safe area and outside the fire zone they protect. Consideration will be given to the use of manual actua-

tion alone, provided that the combined volume of process and storage vessels is less than 15 mĖ, and the unit is manned on a 24-hour basis and the manual actuation station is read- ily accessible.

(B) Process equipment, including hydrocarbon vessels, heat exchangers, fired heaters and other hydrocarbon handling systems, are to be protected with a water spray system. The system is to be designed to provide a water density of 10.2 ThĤmË ­min of exposed surface area for un- insulated vessels, or 6.1 ThĤm Ë ­min of exposed surface area for insulated vessels. Process equipment support structure, but not secondary deck structure members, is to be protected with a water spray system designed to provide a water density of 4.1 ThĤmË ­min . Alternatively, the use of intumescent coatings may be acceptable in protecting the support structure subject to approval of the Society. The condition of the coatings will be the sub- ject of surveyor inspection at normal survey intervals. For gas-handling equipment, such as gas compressor skids, where the hydrocarbon liquid inventory is kept minimal, a water spray system is not required if the equipment is provided with an automatic blowdown upon the process shutdown.

(C) Wellheads with maximum shut-in tubing pressures exceeding 4.1 MPa are to be protected with a water spray system. The water spray system is to be designed to provide a minimum water density of 20.4 ThĤm Ë ­min based on the protection of wellheads, ESD valves, and crit- ical structural components including the firewall.

(D) Internal turrets with swivel pressure ratings exceeding 4.1 MPa are to be protected with a water spray system. Turret areas, including the swivel and its associated equipment, are to be protected by a water spray system designed to provide a minimum water density of 20.4

ThĤmË­min.

2. Foam systems for crude storage tanks

(1) Deck foam systems are to be provided for all facilities storing crude oil in integral storage tanks, in accordance with Pt 8, Ch 3, 407. of Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships.

(2) Where process equipment is located or supported above crude storage areas such that deck foam system application might be obstructed by steel supporting members, fixed foam systems may be

considered as an alternative.

3. Fixed fire extinguishing systems

(1) A fixed fire fighting system is to be provided in each enclosed space containing the following equipment:

(A) Internal combustion machinery, including diesel and gas engines, having a total power output

of not less than 750 kW

(B) Oil fule units, oil or gas-fired boilers and other processes such as incinerators and inert gas generators

(C) Settling tanks for boilers

(D) Gas compressors

(E) Transfer pumps for crude oil or flammable liquid having flash point of less than 60°C. If a fixed foam system is to be used for the methanol pump room and methanol tank space, the type of foam selected is to be suitable for use with methane.

(2) A fixed fire extinguishing system required by (1) may be any of the following systems:

(A) a fixed gas fire-extinguishing system complying with Pt 8, Ch 3, 403. of Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships;

(B) a fixed high-expansion foam fire-extinguishing system complying with Pt 8, Ch 3, 403. of

Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships; and

(C) a fixed pressure water-spraying fire-extinguishing system complying with Pt 8, Ch 3, 403.

of Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships.

4. Flammable material storerooms are to satisfy the following requirements.

(1) Flammable material storerooms located on the unit but not on the production deck are to com- ply with Pt 8, Ch 3, 405. 3 of Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships.

(2) Flammable material storerooms located on the production decks with deck area in excess of 4

m Ë are to be protected by one of the following fixed fire extinguishing system:

(A) CO2 system designed for 40% of the gross volume of the space

(B) Dry powder system designed for at least 0.5 kgĤmĖ

(C) Water spray system designed for 5 ThĤm Ë ­min . The water spraying systems may be connected

to the unit’s fire main system.

(D) A system providing equivalent protection

5. Fire fighting systems of helicopter facilities are to comply with Ch 10, Sec 4 of Rules for the Classification of the Mobile Offshore Drilling Units.

6. Portable and movable extinguishers

(1) Locations, types and quantities of fire extinguishers provided for the production deck area are to be in accordance with Table 8.3 and Table 8.4.

(2) For fire extinguishers not specified in Table 8.3 and Table 8.4, are to be in accordance with

recognized national or international standards.

Table 8.3 Class of extinguisher

Table 8.4 Minimum

spaces

numbers and distribution of portable fire extinguishers in the various types of

1 for every 232 m or fraction thereof, located in vicinity

303. Fire detection and alarm systems

1. Open or enclosed areas are to be provided with automatic fire detection such that all potential fire outbreak points are monitored. The automatic fire detection system will sound an alarm and initiate necessary shutdown functions for the facility. Guidelines for the selection and use of fire detectors are contained in API RP 14C, API RP 14FZ and API RP 14G.

2. A smoke detection and alarm system is to be provided for control rooms, switchgear rooms, and other areas where slow-developing fires might be expected.

3. A master fire and gas panel is to be located in the central control room or other normally manned non-classified area.

4. Means are to be provided for manually activating a general alarm system capable of producing a distinctive audible sound in all areas of the unit. Alarm-actuating devices are to be located at points of egress from accommodation areas, production areas, and machinery spaces. Power for the general alarm system is to comply with Ch 10.

304. Gas detection and alarm systems

1. In all enclosed and semi-enclosed areas that might accumulate combustible gases, gas sensors of an explosion proof type are to be installed and operated in accordance with API RP 14C and API RP 14FZ. Consideration is to be given to providing combustible gas sensors near points of a possible leak at process equipment and piping systems located in open areas. Sensors are also to be pro- vided at fresh air inlets to non-classified areas.

2. Where hydrogen sulfide gas may be present in the well fluid in excess of 20 ppm, hydrogen sul- fide gas detection systems are to be installed in accordance with API RP 55.

3. The low and high gas alarm set points are to be at 20% L.E.L. and 60% L.E.L. for combustible gases, and 10 ppm and 50 ppm for hydrogen sulfide. Process safety shutdown functions are to be initiated upon high gas detection.

305. Fireman’s Outfits

1. Fire-fighter's outfits are to comply with the Fire Safety Systems Code.

2. A minimum of two sets of fire-fighting outfits and equipment is to be provided and stowed in a suitable container.

3. The fireman’s outfits or sets of personal equipment are to be stored as to be easily accessible and

ready for use, and where more than one fireman’s outfit or more than ment is carried, they are to be stored in widely separated positions.

4. One of the outfits should be readily accessible from the helicopter deck.

one set of personal equip-